Nematodes threaten Nigeria's agriculture and food security

Monioluwa Omolara Olaniyi, professor and a Nematology expert at the National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), has highlighted the growing threat plant-parasitic nematodes pose to Nigeria's agricultural sector

These tiny pests, which attack the roots of crops, are causing significant damage to food production and the livelihoods of farmers, though their impact is often underestimated.

Speaking during NOUN’s 36th inaugural lecture in Abuja, Olaniyi explained that nematodes, often hidden beneath the soil, damage crops by stunting their growth and reducing yields. Their presence also weakens plants, making them more susceptible to other diseases. The damage caused by nematodes is often confused with nutrient deficiencies or drought stress, leaving many farmers unaware of the real cause behind their declining harvests.

Olaniyi pointed out that staple crops like vegetables, cereals, legumes, and tubers are particularly vulnerable to nematode infestations. These pests not only diminish crop yields but also threaten Nigeria's overall food security. She also warned that climate change, intensive monocropping, and poor farming practices further exacerbate the problem by providing an ideal environment for nematode populations to flourish.

Drawing on decades of research, Olaniyi presented sustainable solutions for managing nematode infestations. She advocated for proper diagnosis, the use of clean planting materials, and eco-friendly pest control methods that reduce the reliance on harmful pesticides. These approaches not only help maintain environmental health but also contribute to creating more resilient and sustainable food systems, aligning with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.

Olufemi Peters, Vice-Chancellor of NOUN, praised Olaniyi’s groundbreaking research, recognising its importance in bridging scientific knowledge with practical field applications. He noted that nematology offers valuable solutions to both farmers and policymakers as Nigeria works towards achieving food security and sustainable agricultural practices.

Olaniyi, a former Deputy Vice-Chancellor at NOUN, expressed her ongoing commitment to advancing research in nematology. She also emphasised the importance of mentoring young scientists and integrating traditional knowledge with modern science to strengthen Nigeria's agricultural resilience.