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Agriculture

FAO is promoting low-cost, sustainable land and water management practices

In Malawi, the rising costs of agricultural inputs, particularly inorganic fertilizers, are hindering the productivity of smallholder farmers, thus impacting food security

Due to land degradation, many farmers who cannot afford these fertilizers are left with meagre harvests, often barely enough to feed their households.

In response to this challenge, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), with funding from the Government of Flanders, has launched the Land Use Planning and Sustainable Land and Water Management for Improved Agricultural Productivity project. As part of this initiative, the FAO is promoting low-cost, sustainable land and water management practices, such as the production of organo-mineral fertilizers like Mbeya. Mbeya is a locally made organic fertiliser, produced from readily available raw materials, with a small quantity of inorganic fertilizer included.

Maganizo Lukhere, a farmer from Mzimba district, is one of the beneficiaries of this initiative. He shared how his family’s agricultural productivity has improved since adopting Mbeya fertilizer. "Four years ago, we used to harvest 10 to 13 fifty-kilogram bags of maize from a one-acre piece of land. The maize was never enough to sustain our family of eight until the next harvest. Since we started making and using Mbeya fertilizer, we harvest about 40 fifty-kilogram bags of maize on the same piece of land," said Maganizo.

In addition to using Mbeya, Maganizo has expanded his farming operations by obtaining a wetland area where he grows maize year-round under irrigation, utilising residual moisture. His adoption of Mbeya fertilizer and other low-cost soil and water management techniques has brought significant improvements. "We are about to harvest this year’s crop, but we still have maize left over from last year’s harvest. In our household, lean months are a thing of the past. We have eliminated hunger," he added.

Mbeya fertilizer is easy and affordable to produce, making it accessible to many farmers in the community. To make one 50kg bag of Mbeya, the ingredients needed are 21 kg of maize bran, 10kg of pig dung, 10kg of inorganic fertilizers, 10kg of ash, and 5 litres of water. Notably, one 50kg bag of mineral fertilizer can produce five 50 kg bags of Mbeya fertilizer.

Maganizo also practices other low-cost techniques promoted by the FAO, such as mulching, zero tillage, planting vetiver grass around maize fields, and constructing swales for water harvesting. These methods help preserve soil moisture, prevent erosion, and improve soil quality.

Harvey Nyirongo, agriculture extension officer for the Chasato section in Mzimba, explained that many smallholder farmers face financial constraints and carefully consider the costs of adopting new technologies. "A lot of smallholder farmers are resource-poor, and the cost of technology is one of the factors they consider before adoption," he said. "Now that more farmers are making and using Mbeya fertilizer, the community is more food secure."

They are empowering smallholder farmers and facilitating greater financial inclusion

The Federal Government has recognised the role of Moniepoint Inc in transforming Nigeria's agricultural sector, particularly in enhancing the resilience of the agricultural value chain in the Northeast

The fintech company was lauded for its innovative digital payment solutions that are empowering smallholder farmers and facilitating greater financial inclusion.

The commendation came from Tope Fasua, the special adviser to the president on economic affairs, during the screening of a documentary titled “Inside Nigeria’s Food Chain” in Abuja. Fasua expressed his enthusiasm about the documentary, noting how it highlighted the crucial role of digital financial services in promoting economic inclusion in rural communities. “I am happy and thrilled at the many things that this documentary and case study captures. It’s an eye-opener for people to see all of the operations going on,” he said. He further acknowledged how Moniepoint is reshaping market dynamics by fostering digital payments in areas that have traditionally been distant from technology adoption.

Fasua also praised the resilience of local farmers, particularly in areas like Borno State, where despite ongoing security challenges, farmers continue to thrive. “We can see the resilience that our people have demonstrated in churning out grains, livestock, and agricultural products,” he remarked. He concluded by emphasising the importance of digital payments in advancing financial inclusion. “It is delightful to watch the confidence that the people have in digital payments, and Moniepoint has done a fantastic job in deepening adoption across the country,” he added.

The case study also showcased the strength of Nigeria’s informal, trust-based networks that underpin the food chain. These networks, built on generational knowledge and social capital, have proved to be more adaptable in times of crisis compared to formal institutions.

Edidiong Uwemakpan, vice-president of Corporate Affairs at Moniepoint, explained the purpose behind the documentary. She said, “In view of the amounts that we process monthly as a business, we sought to peel back the layers on the naira and kobo and uncover the stories behind the transactions and what they mean for Nigeria.” Uwemakpan also explained how Moniepoint’s success lies in tailoring its services to meet the lifestyle and trading habits of Nigerians.

She highlighted that Borno State, often portrayed negatively due to security concerns, actually has a diverse agricultural base that significantly contributes to feeding millions of Nigerians. “This documentary does not only focus on showcasing Moniepoint’s role in supporting food distribution, but it also reveals the state’s agricultural diversity,” she said.

Tolu Ogunlesi, communications expert also praised the project, noting its importance in highlighting both food security and the resilience of the people. “Watching the documentary, a lot of the towns mentioned became famous not for food but as Boko Haram affected regions. This project allows us to truly appreciate these areas for what they really contribute to the country’s socio-economic development,” Ogunlesi said.

It’s a step toward dignity, security, and a stronger future for her entire village

In Kartoua, a quiet village in Cameroon’s Far North region, a group of determined women is leading a powerful shift—from grain scarcity to food security

Faced with seasonal floods and recurring hunger, they formed a cereal bank not just to store millet and rice, but to offer their community a lifeline during the lean season.

The initiative began when twelve women established the Soubota Common Initiative Group (GIC). Their goal was to buy staple grains at low prices after harvest and store them for resale at affordable rates when supplies typically run low. This simple but effective model has helped vulnerable families access food without the inflated costs that often accompany shortages.

“When we started, many didn't believe in us, especially the men,” said Ahmadou Sergeline, president of the cereal bank and a mother of nine. “But over time, as they saw how we were helping the village, everything changed. Even my husband now supports and advises me.”

When flooding hit and millet became scarce, the women had already stored 20 sacks—support provided by the Cameroon Red Cross, along with training in stock management and basic accounting. This preparation made a critical difference.

“Before, we didn't keep proper records. Now we have ledgers for everything—what comes in, what goes out, and what belongs to whom,” Sergeline explained. Community members also entrust their personal cereal bags to the bank for safekeeping, paying a small fee.

With fairness at its heart, the initiative prioritises support for the most vulnerable. The group set rules to prevent hoarding, limiting purchases to four measures per household and ensuring that grain went to those truly in need. Widows, elderly residents, and female-headed homes have especially benefited.

Profits from the initial sales were reinvested in buying more stock—this time, 45 sacks of rice. While typically, revenue is split among committees managing operations, hygiene, and restocking, the group chose instead to reinvest everything. They saw the growing need and responded as a united front.

The Red Cross’s Programmatic Partnership with the European Union, implemented in 24 countries, supports initiatives like these. In Kartoua, the French Red Cross and Cameroon Red Cross collaborate closely with the women, offering long-term, strategic support beyond emergency response.

“They didn’t just bring us grain. They brought us respect. They saw us not as beneficiaries, but as partners,” said Sergeline.

The cereal bank has also become a place for education and empowerment. “When we meet, we don’t just talk about millet. We talk about running our households, educating our daughters, strengthening our marriages. I have seven girls. I want them to see that women can lead too.”

For Sergeline, a sack of millet is more than food—it’s a step toward dignity, security, and a stronger future for her entire village. 

Kenya’s tea sector is one of the largest foreign exchange earners.

Kenya and Iran have agreed to form a joint committee that will work to eliminate trade barriers and clear the way for the lifting of a ban on Kenyan tea exports to Iran within 60 days.

This decision was made during the 7th Session of the Kenya-Iran Joint Commission for Cooperation (JCC) held in Nairobi, co-chaired by Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi and Iran’s Minister of Agricultural Jihad, Gholamreza Nouri Ghezalcheh.

The move follows a trade scandal involving a Kenyan firm, Cup of Joe Limited, which led to the diplomatic fallout and subsequent ban. The company was found guilty of importing low-quality tea, blending it, and re-exporting the product to Iran as premium Kenyan tea. This fraudulent act not only violated trade ethics but also compromised the credibility of Kenya’s globally respected tea brand. As a result, the Tea Board of Kenya has deregistered the company, and it now faces prosecution.

Senator Mutahi Kagwe, agriculture and livestock development cabinet secretary, emphasised that new regulatory measures will be introduced to prevent similar incidents in the future. “Kenya’s tea sector is one of our largest foreign exchange earners, and we must protect it from unscrupulous traders who damage our reputation,” said the CS.

Iran ranks among the top ten importers of Kenyan tea. In 2024, it imported approximately 13 million kilogrammes, valued at KSh 4.26 billion, according to data from the Tea Board of Kenya. Pakistan remained the top importer, accounting for 34.7% of Kenya’s tea export volume, translating to over KSh 70 billion in revenue. Overall, Kenyan tea reached 96 international markets in 2024, up from 92 in the previous year. However, the ban by Iran has led to significant financial losses for Kenyan farmers and exporters, prompting urgent diplomatic action.

Other major export destinations for Kenyan tea include Egypt (86.9 million kg worth KSh 23.96 billion), the UK (57.44 million kg at KSh 16.99 billion), UAE (30.5 million kg valued at KSh 10.27 billion), Russia (28.46 million kg worth KSh 7.43 billion), and India (17.13 million kg valued at KSh 3.94 billion). Saudi Arabia and Yemen also continue to be significant markets.

The newly formed joint committee will develop a framework aimed at restoring trust and ensuring strict adherence to quality standards. Both nations are hopeful that this effort will lead to a full resumption of tea exports before the end of the 60-day timeline.

This move aims to support registered tea growers amidst falling tea prices and seasonal production challenges.

Small tea planters in Mauritius are set to benefit from an increased rate of income support, as announced by the Arvin Boolell, minister of Agro-Industry, Food Security, Blue Economy and Fisheries.

Speaking at a ceremony in Rose Belle, the minister confirmed that support will rise from Rs 4.50 to Rs 6.00 per kilogramme of green tea leaves, marking a 34% increase. This move aims to support registered tea growers amidst falling tea prices and seasonal production challenges.

The event also included the distribution of Winter Allowance cheques to around 500 planters and the awarding of certificates to 80 participants who completed training on the MoBeez Mobile App and other digital farming tools. The initiative forms part of broader efforts to modernise agriculture through technology, ensure financial stability for farmers, and encourage younger generations to engage in tea production.

Dr Boolell pointed out that around 1,000 small planters are active in the tea sector. He highlighted that government support has been a longstanding feature of the industry and will remain crucial, especially during the difficult winter months. “Income support for small registered tea planters will be raised from Rs 4.50 per kilogramme to Rs 6 per kilogramme of green tea leaves,” he said, reinforcing the importance of this increase in driving interest and maintaining enthusiasm among planters.

He added that technical and financial assistance would continue to be provided, helping farmers overcome ongoing challenges such as an ageing workforce. The Minister noted that mechanisation is breathing new life into the sector, attracting younger farmers and supporting sustainable growth. With better land preparation, upgraded equipment, and targeted support, the industry is expected to maintain momentum and improve efficiency.

Junior Minister Gilles Fabrice David underlined the government’s efforts to support planters with the Winter Allowance and through digital transformation. He noted the integration of the MoBeez app into farming practices, allowing users to access vital information, make requests, and handle administrative tasks online. Farmers are also being trained to use Artificial Intelligence, such as ChatGPT, to prepare documents and proposals.

He expressed optimism that more tea growers would adopt digital solutions to enhance productivity. “We hope more planters use technology to improve production,” he said, reaffirming government backing for the agricultural sector.

Chairman of the Small Farmers Welfare Fund, Mr Mahendrah Goonniah, added that the Tea Sector Support Scheme includes free fertiliser distribution and grants covering 50% of the cost for Mini Tea Harvesters. These tools make harvesting more efficient and less labour-intensive, key for sustaining productivity during the winter period.

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